Both for Stallions and Mares a High activated Immune System is of crucial importance.

It is widely known by researchers that many intruders like Viruses, Bacteria and Fungi can have devastating effects on Fertility.
Infectious agents like viruses, bacteria or fungi may attack the foetus or its membranes, resulting in death of the foetus.

Other factors such as hormonal deficiencies may result in the same.
Also early embryonic loss might be caused by hormonal deficiencies.

Like chronic uterine infections or abnormal oestrous cycles can cause or result in similar cases.

In Stallions fertility is very hard to predict.
Immunall Ltd. has found stress being one of the causes, resulting in a poor functioning of the Immune System as a poor functioning of the internal organs.

Hormonal problems have influence on reproduction as on quality of semen.

Binding of the sperm to the egg. Immunall has thought to have effect on the so called acrosome integrity. In Pigs treatment with Immunall results in significantly higher numbers born a live. Immunall also has an effect on the metabolism and through that is thought to improve the number and quality of calcium cells around the head of the sperm. In laying hens for example it results in an earlier maturation and higher egg production levels.                 Acrosome reaction Courtesy of Chris Patton, Stanford University Proteins (red) on the sperm plasma membrane come into contact with a  poly-accharide in the egg jelly (yellow). This causes an influx of Ca++ into the sperm head and an increase in pHi. The Ca++ increase causes the acrosome vesicle (green) to fuse with the plasma membrane of the sperm and the vesicle undergoes exocytosis. The increase in pHi causes the actin (pink) to go from the globular state to the filamentous state pushing out the acrosomal process and exposing Bindin molecules (blue).

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